Legal and Cultural Analysis of Copyright Law Implementation for Street Musicians in Indonesia
Abstract
This research examines the implementation of Copyright Law for street musicians in Indonesia, focusing on the intersection between legal protection and cultural practices. The phenomenon of street musicians performing cover songs creates tension between the formal legal framework and the tradition of sharing art in Indonesian culture, as seen in the cases of Tri Suaka and Zinidin Zidan. The research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Law Number 28 of 2014 in addressing copyright infringement while considering cultural practices, and to identify socio-cultural factors that influence legal compliance among street musicians. Using a qualitative approach with socio-legal research design, this study integrates legal analysis and cultural studies through systematic document review and case studies. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of copyright protection is heavily influenced by the complex interrelation between legal requirements and cultural traditions, where current implementation faces challenges in balancing formal compliance with the cultural significance of street performances. This research implies the need for developing a more adaptive legal framework, including special licensing systems and strengthening the role of Collective Management Organizations in supporting legal compliance while preserving culture.
References
Abdulsalam, T. A., & Tajudeen, R. B. (2024). Does Copyright Imitation Impact Purchase Behaviour in the Entertainment Industry: A PLS-SEM Analysis of Gen Z’s Brand Recognition in Africa? African Journal of Stability and Development (AJSD), 16(1), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.53982/ajsd.2024.1501.01-j
Akhsin, S. (2022). Imbas Parodikan Lagu Kangen Band, FORKAMI Tuntut Trisuaka dan Zinidin Zidan Hingga Miliaran Rupiah. Suara Soppeng. https://soppeng.pikiran-rakyat.com/gaya-hidup/amp/pr-2484369251/imbas-parodikan-lagu-kangen-band-forkami-tuntut-trisuaka-dan-zinidin-zidan-hingga-miliaran-rupiah
Alasfour, F., Samy, M., & Bampton, R. (2016). The Determinants of Tax Morale and Tax Compliance: Evidence from Jordan (pp. 125–171). https://doi.org/10.1108/S1058-749720160000023005
Amadeus, J., & Hitipeuw, C. (2023). Legal Analysis Regarding the Protection of the Original Work of Music Towards Music Cover That is Posted on Youtube. Anthology: Inside Intellectual Property Rights, 1(1).
Andani, D. R. (2022). Usai Meledek Andika Kangen Band, Tri Suaka dan Zinidin Zidan Minta Maaf. Tempo.Co. https://www.tempo.co/hiburan/usai-meledek-andika-kangen-band-tri-suaka-dan-zinidin-zidan-minta-maaf-365231
Andersson Schwarz, J. (2017). Platform Logic: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Platform‐Based Economy. Policy & Internet, 9(4), 374–394. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.159
Askin, N., & Mauskapf, M. (2017). What Makes Popular Culture Popular? Product Features and Optimal Differentiation in Music. American Sociological Review, 82(5), 910–944. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122417728662
Astuti, Y. D., & Zamroni, M. (2022). Your Finger, your Tiger Netiquette Violations of the Microcelebrity Parody Content on Social Media. Mediator: Jurnal Komunikasi, 15(2), 186–197.
Ayu Palar, M. R., Rafianti, L., Puspitasari, W., & Novianti, I. (2024). Centralized management of copyright royalties: A case study on the National Collective Management Organization for songs and music in Indonesia. The Journal of World Intellectual Property. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwip.12320
Ben Sassi, I., & Ben Yahia, S. (2021). How does context influence music preferences: a user-based study of the effects of contextual information on users’ preferred music. Multimedia Systems, 27(2), 143–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-020-00717-x
Bennett, A., & Rogers, I. (2016). Popular Music Scenes and Cultural Memory. Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-40204-2
Bonina, C., Koskinen, K., Eaton, B., & Gawer, A. (2021). Digital platforms for development: Foundations and research agenda. Information Systems Journal, 31(6), 869–902. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12326
Cameron, S. (2020). Busking as a source of income. In Teaching Cultural Economics. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788970747.00026
Cieslewicz, J. K. (2014). Relationships between national economic culture, institutions, and accounting: Implications for IFRS. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 25(6), 511–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2013.03.006
Dedy alviyan. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum Pelaku Pertunjukan Atas Hak Cipta Karya Musik Yang Dibajak Berdasarkan UU Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Dan Trips Agreement di Era kontemporer. JATISWARA, 38(3), 319–327. https://doi.org/10.29303/jtsw.v38i3.518
Dixon, S. (2015). Digital performance: a history of new media in theater, dance, performance art, and installation. MIT press.
Douglas, G. C. C. (2014). Do–It–Yourself Urban Design: The Social Practice of Informal “Improvement” Through Unauthorized Alteration. City & Community, 13(1), 5–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/cico.12029
Dreyfuss, R. C. (1987). The Creative Employee and the Copyright Act of 1976. The University of Chicago Law Review, 54(2), 590. https://doi.org/10.2307/1599800
Eka Wijaya, D., & Gunarto, G. (2018). Copyright Protection Of The Song “Akad” Created By “Payung Teduh” In Case Covered By Hanin Dhiya Based On Copyright Law. Jurnal Akta, 5(2), 541. https://doi.org/10.30659/akta.v5i2.3230
Finck, M. (2017). Digital Regulation: Designing a Supranational Legal Framework for the Platform Economy. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2990043
Fischer, E., & Guzel, G. T. (2023). The case for qualitative research. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 33(1), 259–272. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1300
Hafaiz, M. R. (2024). Legal Analysis of Communal Rights in Copyright Protection: Challenges and Reform Proposals in Indonesia. Law and Economics, 18(3), 132–142.
Hasan, F., Fadillah, D., Willya, E., & Sugitanata, A. (2023). Symbolic Reverence: An Ethnographic Study on the Tonggoluan and Pusi’ Death Rituals Within Bolaang Mongondow Society Through Victor Turner’s Perspective. Potret Pemikiran, 27(2), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.30984/pp.v27i2.2471
Hermawan, M. I. (2024). Digging Through the Network of the Indonesian Noise Scene. Contemporary Music Review, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/07494467.2024.2391155
Heryanto, A. (2012). Budaya populer di indonesia. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra.
Hesmondhalgh, D. (1997). Post-Punk’s attempt to democratise the music industry: the success and failure of Rough Trade. Popular Music, 16(3), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143000008400
Ho, R., & Au, W. T. (2021). Effect of Street Performance (Busking) on the Environmental Perception of Public Space. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647863
Hobbs, R. (2016). Lessons in Copyright Activism. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 12(1), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJICTE.2016010105
Jawaad, M., Amir, A., Bashir, A., & Hasan, T. (2019). Human resource practices and organizational commitment: The mediating role of job satisfaction in emerging economy. Cogent Business & Management, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2019.1608668
Joyce, C., Ochoa, T. T., Carroll, M. W., Leaffer, M. A., & Jaszi, P. (2016). Copyright law. Carolina Academic Press Durham, NC.
Juanda, E. (2017). Kontruksi Hukum dan Metode Interpretasi Hukum. Jurnal Ilmiah Galuh Justisi, 4(2), 168. https://doi.org/10.25157/jigj.v4i2.322
Judijanto, L., A., C. H. S., Firmansyah, F., Solapari, N., & Raihana, R. (2024). Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Intellectual Property Rights Protection System for Creative Industry Development in Indonesia. West Science Law and Human Rights, 2(01), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.58812/wslhr.v2i01.605
Khasanah, D. R. A. U., & Lumbanraja, A. D. (2022). Perkembangan Interpretasi Hukum Oleh Hakim Di Indonesia Dalam Dominasi Tradisi Civil Law System. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 7(2), 232. https://doi.org/10.26623/jic.v7i2.4799
Li, Y. (2020). The age of remix and copyright law reform. Law, Innovation and Technology, 12(1), 113–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/17579961.2020.1727087
Liliweri, A. (2021). Makna seni dan kesenian: seri pengantar studi kebudayaan. Nusamedia.
Liu, Q., Safavi-Naini, R., & Sheppard, N. P. (2003). Digital rights management for content distribution. Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, 34, 49–58.
Liu, X., Huang, F., & Yeung, H. (2018). The Regulation of Illegal Fundraising in China. Asia Pacific Law Review, 26(1), 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/10192557.2018.1511086
Mahmoud, M. M. M. M. K. (2020). Busking: analysis of its regulation and business models in Europe. Universitat Politècnica de València.
Manua, L. (2019). Teori Motivasi Abraham Maslow (Hierarki Kebutuhan). Studimanajemen. Com.
Manzoor Rashid, A. Z. M., & Khan, N. A. (2014). Role of Co-management Organizations in Protected Area Governance: Some Observations from the Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary (pp. 181–200). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08147-2_9
Mauludin, N. A. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Karya Cipta Lagu atau Musik Daerah Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Journal Kompilasi Hukum, 5(2), 337–344. https://doi.org/10.29303/jkh.v5i2.59
McNamara, L., & Quilter, J. (2016). Street Music and the Law in Australia: Busker Perspectives on the Impact of Local Council Rules and Regulations. Journal of Musicological Research, 35(2), 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411896.2016.1161477
Moore, I. (2014). Cultural and Creative Industries Concept – A Historical Perspective. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 738–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.918
Moore, R. E. (2013). ‘My music, my freedom(?): the troubled pursuit of musical and intellectual independence on the Internet in Indonesia.’ Asian Journal of Communication, 23(4), 368–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2013.804105
Munawar, A., & Effendy, T. (2016). Upaya Penegakan Hukum Pelanggaran Hak Cipta Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v8i2.453
Parc, J. (2024). Between strong and weak copyright: their impacts on the Korean music industry. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 30(6), 762–773. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2023.2268105
Permana, D. O., Masri, E., & Tobing, C. I. (2021). Implementasi Royalti Terhadap Pencipta Lagu Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. KRTHA BHAYANGKARA, 15(2), 319–332. https://doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v15i2.793
Prashanth, N. S., Marchal, B., Devadasan, N., Kegels, G., & Criel, B. (2014). Advancing the application of systems thinking in health: a realist evaluation of a capacity building programme for district managers in Tumkur, India. Health Research Policy and Systems, 12(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4505-12-42
Priyatna, E. S. (2024). A cultural history of indonesian urban soundscape: locating urban experiences within the urban soundscape of Indonesia. University of Sussex.
Ritsatos, T. (2014). Tax evasion and compliance; from the neo classical paradigm to behavioural economics, a review. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 10(2), 244–262. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-07-2012-0059
Sami an, S. an, & Prakasa, S. U. W. (2021). Analisis Politik Hukum Pengaruh Oligarki dan Budaya Korupsi di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Media of Law and Sharia, 2(4), 329–345. https://doi.org/10.18196/mls.v2i4.11737
Savelyev, A. (2018). Copyright in the blockchain era: Promises and challenges. Computer Law & Security Review, 34(3), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2017.11.008
Savira, E. M., & Tasrin, K. (2018). Involvement of Local Wisdom as a Value and an Instrument for Internalization of Public Service Innovation. Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v24i1.9464
Schroff, S., & Street, J. (2018). The politics of the Digital Single Market: culture vs. competition vs. copyright. Information, Communication & Society, 21(10), 1305–1321. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1309445
Senftleben, M. (2020). The Copyright/trademark Interface: How the Expansion of Trademark Protection is Stifling Cultural Creativity. Wolters Kluwer.
Setiawati, D., & Huang, N. K. (2024). Intellectual Property Rights Analysis in the Context of Artificial Intelligence Development in the Indonesian Legal Context. E-Justice: Journal of Law and Technology, 1(1), 81–94.
Siangli Putri, C. V. S. P., Nurhayati, Y., & Aini, M. (2023). Tinjauan Yuridis Pemanfaatan Ciptaan Lagu Secara Komersial Pada Restoran/Cafe Dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 Tentang Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu Dan/Atau Musik. Jurnal Penegakan Hukum Indonesia, 4(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.51749/jphi.v4i1.50
Sidabariba, N. N., Akyuwen, R. J., & Balik, A. (2023). Perlindungan Hak Cipta Lagu Yang Di Nyanyikan Ulang Tanpa Izin Pencipta Yang Di Unggah Di Media Sosial. PATTIMURA Law Study Review, 1(1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.47268/palasrev.v1i1.10831
Simanjuntak, I. K. (2018). Legal Protection of Internet Intermediary to Copyright Infringement by Users (Comparative Study on Indonesia, USA and European Union). International Journal of Research & Review, 5(4).
Srai, J. S., Kumar, M., Graham, G., Phillips, W., Tooze, J., Ford, S., Beecher, P., Raj, B., Gregory, M., Tiwari, M. K., Ravi, B., Neely, A., Shankar, R., Charnley, F., & Tiwari, A. (2016). Distributed manufacturing: scope, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Production Research, 54(23), 6917–6935. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2016.1192302
Straw, W. (1991). Systems of articulation, logics of change: Communities and scenes in popular music. Cultural Studies, 5(3), 368–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502389100490311
Sunarto, S., Sejati, I. R. H., Haryono, S., & Susetyo, B. (2024). The Phenomenon of Bamboo Music Buskers in Semarang: An Urban Music Perspective. Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan, 25(2), 217–238. https://doi.org/10.24821/resital.v25i2.13564
Suparman, A. (2022). Cover Lagu Tanpa Izin, Tri Suaka dan Zidan Dituntut Bayar Royalti. Bandung Viva.Co. https://bandung.viva.co.id/berita-artis/1253-cover-lagu-tanpa-izin-tri-suaka-dan-zidan-dituntut-bayar-royalti
Surono, D. C. (2018). Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pembajakan Karya Seni Musik Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Lex Privatum, 6(2).
van Neste, F. (1967). Misbruik van recht. Tijdschrift Voor Privaatrecht.-Gent, 1964, Currens, 339–382.
Wahidji, M. F. (2022). Copyright Protection Against the Act of Covering Songs on Youtube Channels in the Regulation of Intellectual Property Rights in Indonesia. Estudiante Law Journal, 4(2), 668–678. https://doi.org/10.33756/eslaj.v4i2.19596
Wallach, J., & Clinton, E. (2013). History, modernity, and music genre in Indonesia: Introduction to the special issue. Asian Music, 3–23.
Wibawa, A. B. (2024). Analyzing the Evolution of Indonesian Wayang Puppetry and Its Fusion with Modern Theater and Performance Arts. Studies in Art and Architecture, 3(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.56397/SAA.2024.03.01
Copyright (c) 2024 Ardin Bataweya, Julamn Hente, Andrey V. Kotyazhov, Bilkisu Mohammed Ovosi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
