Balaghah dan Epistemologi dalam Syair Ahlu Al ‘Ilmi Ahyā’ Karya Ali Bin Abi Thalib: Sebuah Perspektif Filosofis
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui (1) biografi singkat Ali Bin Abi Thalib; (2) menganalisis eksistensi uslūb balaghi yang ada di dalam syair Ahlu Al ‘Ilmi Ahyā; dan (3) memahami nilai dan fungsi yang terkandung di dalam syair Ahlu Al ‘Ilmi Ahyā’. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan fokus pada kajian filsafat ilmu balāghah dalam syair. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) menurut pandangan empirisme terciptanya syair Ahlu Al ‘Ilmi Ahyā’ tidak lepas dari pengamatan dan pengalaman Ali bin Abi Thalib semasa hidupnya, yaitu masa di mana pendidikan Islam mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan; (2) Eksistensi uslub balāghi yang terdapat pada syair Ahlu Al ‘Ilmi Ahyā’ antaranya adalah uslūb khabari, uslūb qashar, uslūb jinas, uslūb thibāq, saja’; (3) Nilai dan fungsi dalam syair Ahlu Al ‘Ilmi Ahyā’ yaitu mengandung keindahan makna kata dan bahasa, nilai kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan, nilai rendah hati dan nilai pendidikan. Syair ini berfungsi sebagai ungkapan hikmah dan renungan kehidupan sejati.
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